Selenium using python: Handling Web Alerts

Web Alert are used to confirm the action taken by the user.
It take the focus away from the current window , and force the user to read the alert message.

Generally Web alerts consist of message and an OK, CANCEL button.

How does Selenium WebDriver handle Web Alert ??

In selenium WebDriver when an alert appears in the web-page ,
the control is still in the web-page hence we have to switch the control from
the web-page to alert window.

For accessing the Web Alert , we first have to create an alert object.

alert = browser.switch_to_alert()

Now we have control over the alert.
To perform action on the alert we need to know about alert class.

What is a Alert Class??

With the help of Alert Class we can interact with alerts.
With this class we can
accept the alert using accept()----method
reject the alert using dismiss()-----method
enter value in the alert box using send_keys()-----method
receive the text found in the alert using ".text"

Simple Alert Button

Lets handle a simple alert.In order to generate alert please copy the below html code,
and save it in ex1.html .

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body bgcolor="#E6E6FA">
<h1>
Basic Alert</h1>
<p>
click the button to see an alert</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()" name ="alert">Alert</button>

<p>
How to handle alerts</a>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #6aa84f;">Open the page web-page</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #6aa84f;">switch the control from web-page to alert</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #6aa84f;">handle the alert</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #6aa84f;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #6aa84f;"><br /></span>
<br />
<br /></div>
<script>
function myFunction() {
    alert("Do you know me");
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

Navigate to folder where the file is saved and double click it.

The browser open with

Now before we write test scripts lets write test cases.

test_ex1.html

#Test the alert in ex1.html
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by   import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoAlertPresentException
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class TestAlert(unittest.TestCase):
    
    def setUp(self):

        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        browser = self.browser
        browser.get("file:///E:/python_blog/python%20series/popups/alert.html")

    def tearDown(self):

       self.browser.close()

    def clicks(self,name):
        
        browser = self.browser
        button = WebDriverWait(browser,5).until(lambda browser: browser.find_element(By.NAME,name))
        button.click()

    def alert_wait(self):

        browser = self.browser
        try:
            WebDriverWait(browser, 3).until(EC.alert_is_present(),
                                   'Timed out waiting for PA creation ' +
                                   'confirmation popup to appear.')
        except TimeoutException:
            print("no alert")
            
    def test_raise_NoAlertPresentException(self):
        """When the button is not clicked no alert is generated,
        a NoAlertPresentException is raised ,
        when we try to switch to alert."""
        browser = self.browser
        
        try:
            #switch control to the alert box,by creating a alert object
            alert = browser.switch_to_alert()
            self.alert_wait()
            #accept the alert
            alert.accept()
        except NoAlertPresentException:
            print("no alert found")   

    def test_accept_alert(self):
        """we generate the alert and accept it"""
        browser = self.browser
        
        self.clicks("alert")
        #switch control to the alert box,by creating a alert object
        alert = browser.switch_to_alert()
        self.alert_wait()
        #accept the alert
        alert.accept()

    def test_alert_messge(self):
        """Verify the alert message"""
        
        msg = "Do you know me"
        browser = self.browser
        self.clicks("alert")
        #switch control to the alert box,by creating a alert object
        alert = browser.switch_to_alert()
        self.alert_wait()
        self.assertEqual(msg,alert.text,"string not equal")
        alert.accept()
        

if __name__ == "__main__":

    unittest.main(warnings = 'ignore')

Output in window's command prompt

Alert with OK & CANCEL Buttons

Save the below code in ex2.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body bgcolor="#E6E6FA">
<h1>
Alert with OK and CANCEL BUTTON</h1>
<p>
Click the button to display a confirmation box.</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()" name = "confirm">Confirm</button>

<p id="demo">
</p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
    var x;
    if (confirm("Do I know you") == true) {
        
        alert("I Know you")
        x = "You pressed OK!"

    } else {

        alert("who are you")
        y = "You pressed CANCEL"
    }
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

When we open ex2.html in a browser we get

The Test Cases for ex2.html are

test_ex2_v1.py

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class ConfirmationTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """Base class for ConfirmationTest,
    This class provide the setup ,teardown method for
    the test cases in ConfirmationTest class.
    It also provides helper function like clicking elements
    and waiting for pop-ups"""
    def setUp(self):

        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        browser = self.browser
        browser.get("file:///E:/python_blog/python%20series/popups/ok_or_canel.html")
    
        self.clicks("confirm")
        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert = browser.switch_to_alert()

    def tearDown(self):

        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert.accept()
        self.browser.close()

    
    def clicks(self,name):
        
        browser = self.browser
        button = WebDriverWait(browser,5).until(lambda browser: browser.find_element(By.NAME,name))
        button.click()    

    def alert_wait(self):

        browser = self.browser
        try:
            WebDriverWait(browser, 3).until(EC.alert_is_present(),
                                   'Timed out waiting for PA creation ' +
                                   'confirmation popup to appear.')
        except TimeoutException:
            print("no alert")

    def alert_assertion(self,msg):

        self.assertEqual(msg,self.alert.text)
    
class ConfirmationTest(ConfirmationTestCase):
    """The test case are found in this class"""
    
    def test_click_confirm_verify_txt(self):
    
        msg = "Do I know you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
        
        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert.dismiss()
        
        

    def test_click_ok_verify_txt(self):

        self.alert.accept()
        self.alert_wait()

        msg = "I Know you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
        

    def test_click_cancel_verify_txt(self):
        
        self.alert.dismiss()
        self.alert_wait()

        msg = "who are you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
      
if __name__ == "__main__":
    
    unittest.main(warnings='ignore')

Lets us run test_ex2_v1.py in command line.

Structure of test_ex2_v1.py ,it has two class namely ConfirmationTestCase & ConfirmationTest

Now let us put the ConfirmationTestCase class in a file called ex2Base.py

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class ConfirmationTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """Base class for ConfirmationTest,
    This class provide the setup ,teardown method for
    the test cases in ConfirmationTest class.
    It also provides helper function like clicking elements
    and waiting for pop-ups"""
    def setUp(self):

        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        browser = self.browser
        browser.get("file:///E:/python_blog/python%20series/popups/ok_or_canel.html")
    
        self.clicks("confirm")
        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert = browser.switch_to_alert()

    def tearDown(self):

        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert.accept()
        self.browser.close()

    
    def clicks(self,name):
        
        browser = self.browser
        button = WebDriverWait(browser,5).until(lambda browser: browser.find_element(By.NAME,name))
        button.click()    

    def alert_wait(self):

        browser = self.browser
        try:
            WebDriverWait(browser, 3).until(EC.alert_is_present(),
                                   'Timed out waiting for PA creation ' +
                                   'confirmation popup to appear.')
        except TimeoutException:
            print("no alert")

    def alert_assertion(self,msg):

        self.assertEqual(msg,self.alert.text)

Let us retain ConfirmationTest and save the file as ex2Test.py

import unittest
from ex2Base import ConfirmationTestCase

class ConfirmationTest(ConfirmationTestCase):
    """The test case are found in this class"""
    
    def test_click_confirm_verify_txt(self):
    
        msg = "Do I know you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
        
        self.alert_wait()
        self.alert.dismiss()
        
        

    def test_click_ok_verify_txt(self):

        self.alert.accept()
        self.alert_wait()

        msg = "I Know you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
        

    def test_click_cancel_verify_txt(self):
        
        self.alert.dismiss()
        self.alert_wait()

        msg = "who are you"
        self.alert_assertion(msg)
      
if __name__ == "__main__":
    
    unittest.main(warnings='ignore')

lets us run ex2Test.py from window command line.

Dialogue Box

Please copy the below code for generating a dialogue box as show above.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body bgcolor="#E6E6FA">
<h1>
Dialogue Box</h1>
<p>
What your name ????</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()"name ="dialogueBox">Name</button>

<p id="demo">
</p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
    var person = prompt("Please enter your name", "Jude Job");
    
    if (person != null) {
        document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
        "Hello " + person + "! How are you today?";
        alert("Hello " + person + "! How are you today?")
    }
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

Now lets write the test cases

test_ex3.py

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class DialogueTest(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):

        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        browser = self.browser
        browser.get("file:///E:/python_blog/python%20series/popups/accept_values.html")
        
        self.clicks("dialogueBox")
        self.alert_wait()

    def tearDown(self):

        self.browser.close()

    def clicks(self,name):
        
        browser = self.browser
        button = WebDriverWait(browser,5).until(lambda browser: browser.find_element(By.NAME,name))
        button.click()    

    def alert_wait(self):

        browser = self.browser
        try:
            WebDriverWait(browser, 3).until(EC.alert_is_present(),
                                   'Timed out waiting for PA creation ' +
                                   'confirmation popup to appear.')
        except TimeoutException:
            print("no alert")
            
    def test_send_keys(self):

        name ="James Bond"
        alert = self.browser.switch_to_alert()
        alert.send_keys(name)
        alert.accept()

        self.alert_wait()
        alert.accept()

    def test_verify_sent_keys(self):

        name ="James Bond"
        alert = self.browser.switch_to_alert()
        alert.send_keys(name)
        alert.accept()

        self.alert_wait()
        self.assertIn(name,alert.text)
        alert.accept()        
        
if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main(warnings='ignore')

Now lets execute test_ex3.html from window command line,

Selenium using python

Friday 23 January 2015

Handling Web Alerts

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